Basic Techniques
Investigative Interview Suggestions
Oral History Interview Techniques
(The Center of Military History contact information)
A Study of Interviewing Techniques
I - The Basic Interview
1) Learning the Subject
- Find the story in your subject.
- Define story progression.
- Create a quick history timeline.
- Draft questions that will elicit useful information.
- Be aware of gaps and inconsistencies in the available source materials.
- Create questions to clarify and confirm available records.
- Make an appointment with the subject.
- Define desired structure of interview.
- Define desired goals and topics.
- Write your questions down before the interview.
- Be prepared to take a different path of questioning.
- Create clear questions.
- Standard cassette recorder.
- Extra batteries.
- Extra tapes.
- Pen and paper.
- Any film equipment necessary.
- Make sure to test all equipment.
- Be on time.
- Be friendly, courteous and casual.
- Ask questions clearly.
- Don't interrupt!
- Precisely define the issue.
- Ask specific, thought-provoking questions. Avoid yes/no answers.
- Stay focused, but if something interesting comes up go with it.
- Take good notes.
- Ask the subject to repeat comments if necessary.
- Don't volunteer information unless it is relevant to your goals.
- Obtain all the information needed before ending the interview.
- The interview should be carefully planned out and structured to achieve the desired goals.
- All similar questions should be covered in their entirety before moving to another topic.
- Encourage the subject to focus attention on one particular area at a time.
- Vague questions may cause the subject to exhibit misleading behavior.
- Careful thought should go to covering all important areas.
- Ask necessary follow-up questions.
- Observe the subject’s verbal and nonverbal behavior.
- Thank the subject for his/her time.
- Get contact information for further questions.